Water Potential Calculator

Calculate water potential and predict water movement in plant cells. Essential for understanding plant physiology, osmosis, and cellular water relations!

\Psi = \Psi_s + \Psi_p + \Psi_m + \Psi_g

• 🌱 Plant Physiology • 💧 Water Relations • 📊 Osmotic Analysis

Water Potential Components

Cell Type:

Solute Potential (Ψs): Always negative

-3.0 MPa -0.5 MPa 0 MPa

Or calculate from concentration:

Molarity (M) i-factor Temp (°C)

Pressure Potential (Ψp): Turgor pressure

0 MPa 0.3 MPa 2.0 MPa

Matric Potential (Ψm): Surface tension effects

-0.5 MPa -0.1 MPa 0 MPa

Gravitational Potential (Ψg): Height effects

-0.1 MPa 0.000 MPa 0.1 MPa

Height difference (m):

Environmental Conditions

Humidity (%):

Light Intensity (%):

Quick Presets:

Cell Water Relations

Normal Turgor

Water Potential (MPa)

-3.0 -1.5 0 +1.5 +3.0

Turgor Pressure

0.3 MPa

Water Potential Formula:

Ψs = -iMRT (Van't Hoff equation)

Component Contributions:

Solute (Ψs) -0.5 MPa

Pressure (Ψp) +0.3 MPa

Matric (Ψm) -0.1 MPa

Gravity (Ψg) 0.0 MPa

Water Movement

⇌

Equilibrium

Water Potential Analysis

Total Ψ (MPa)

Osmotic Pressure

Turgor Status

Water Status

Physiological Analysis

Solute Potential: -

Pressure Potential: -

Matric Potential: -

Gravitational Potential: -

Component Analysis

"Water potential determines the direction and rate of water movement in plant cells."

- Plant Physiology

Physiological Insights

Water Movement

Turgor Pressure

Osmotic Effects

Plant Response

Water Potential Guide

What is Water Potential?

Water potential (Ψ) is calculated as: $\Psi = \Psi_s + \Psi_p + \Psi_m + \Psi_g$

It represents the potential energy of water per unit volume relative to pure water, determining the direction of water movement.

Components of Water Potential

Solute Potential (Ψs): Always negative, due to dissolved solutes reducing water's free energy
Pressure Potential (Ψp): Usually positive in plant cells, represents turgor pressure
Matric Potential (Ψm): Usually negative, due to water binding to surfaces
Gravitational Potential (Ψg): Due to gravity, significant in tall plants

Van't Hoff Equation

Solute potential: $\Psi_s = -iMRT$

i: Ionization constant (number of particles per molecule)
M: Molar concentration of solute
R: Pressure constant (0.00831 L·MPa/mol·K)
T: Temperature in Kelvin

Applications in Plant Biology

Predicting water movement between cells and tissues
Understanding stomatal opening and closing mechanisms
Analyzing plant responses to drought stress
Studying root water uptake and transport
Investigating osmotic adjustment in plants